AVR development in Linux

* Install necessary packages

$ sudo apt-get install gcc-avr
$ sudo apt-get install avrdude
$ sudo apt-get install avr-libc

* Compiling code

Steps(2) -> .c => .elf => .hex

$ avr-gcc -Os -mmcu=$2 file_name.c -o file_name.elf
 $ avr-objcopy -j .text -O ihex file_name.elf file_name.hex

* Uploading code

$ sudo avrdude -p part_name -c programmer_id \
     -U flash:w:file_name.hex

•  part_name => m16, m8
•  prog_id => usbasp
•  "flash" => programs flash
•  "w" => write mode
•  shld be run as super user => "sudo"

* Compiler optimization

• specify an option -Ox while compiling (avr-gcc -Ox ... )
• x => optimization levels
• "-Os" => "s"=> small - for smaller code

Made a video of LED blinking @ 900ms

* FUSE BITS:

 # read
$ avrdude -p m16 -c usbasp -U fuse_name:r:file_name.txt:h

•  fuse_name => lfuse,hfuse,lock
•  "r" => read
•  fuse value "h" in hex format
• stored in file_name.txt file

# write
$ avrdude -p m16 -c usbasp -U fuse_name:w:0x82:m

•  "0x82" => sample fuse value
•  "m" => immediate ( use value in cmd directly )
•  "w" => write

* Note: make use of AVR fuse CALC available online

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Running Raspberry Pi Headless

Raspberry Pi, normally needs a keyboard, mouse and a display ( a hdmi-compatible monitor or tv) for input/output. But it is possible to avoid all of these and still use pi with a lot of ease. This can be done by tunneling through pi using SSH - Secure Shell. It is similar to telnet but its more secure. It uses port22 (by default) for transferring data/info from one system to another. Remember that, these systems are connected to a network - LAN.

Any account in a system connected to LAN can be accessed from any other system by knowing 1. IP address of the system, 2. Username and password of the account.

Raspberry Pi running Wheezy: Default login:

username: pi
password: raspberry

We can login to pi using the following command:

$ ssh pi@IP_address_pi

* Note: The IP address of pi can be found by guessing. Follow the video below to successfully login to pi: ( click here for notes/hints )





So, we have logged on to pi successfully. Lets now do more with SSH. The video below demonstrates the following:

1. login to pi thro' ssh
2. editing pi's password
3. navigating filesystem on debian Wheezy
4. Copying files on network
5. Shutdown, Reboot
6. Compile, run C program

click here for notes/hints

Now, lets move on to the PART2 of this tutorial. We could access pi thro' cmd line. But we need GUI - Graphic User Interface for more flexibility and ease of access. The video below walks you thro' the steps involved in accessing pi using a remote GUI (or GUI in remote system):

click here for notes/hints

Thats it i guess... Bye Bye!

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